ITL is a part of the FREE4LiB project, funded by the Horizon Europe programme, which addresses some of the key challenges related to the management of lithium-ion batteries, with a particular focus on recycling, safety, and traceability across the entire value chain.
The project develops advanced solutions for the recycling of lithium-ion batteries, with the aim of increasing the recovery of strategic metals and supporting the implementation of a circular economy model.
Lithium-ion batteries rely on critical raw materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, natural graphite, and lithium. According to the European Commission, a raw material is considered critical when it combines high economic importance with a high supply risk. This criticality is linked not only to the available quantities, but also to the geographical concentration of extraction and dependence on imports. For this reason, supply security requires diversification of sources, international cooperation, and an integrated approach across the entire value chain.
In this context, recycling plays a strategic role, particularly for materials such as cobalt, which is characterised by high economic value and lower recovery costs compared to primary extraction, while lithium, although present in smaller percentages, remains essential for battery performance.
At the same time, the FREE4LiB project is working on the development of the Digital Battery Passport, one of the key elements of the European battery regulation, aimed at ensuring greater transparency throughout the entire lifecycle, from production to end-of-life, through structured, verifiable, and accessible data for authorised stakeholders.
The digital passport model developed within the project enables the collection of information on composition and critical raw materials, environmental footprint, state of health and performance, as well as data useful for reuse, second life, and recycling. The availability of reliable data along the value chain helps improve end-of-life management, optimise recycling processes, and support regulatory compliance, contributing to a more transparent and efficient system.
Another key aspect concerns safety in end-of-life battery management. Lithium-ion batteries contain highly reactive materials and, if damaged or improperly handled, can lead to thermal runaway, fires, explosions, and the release of toxic gases. For this reason, safe management across the entire value chain requires qualified personnel, clear operational procedures, traceability of battery chemistries, and proper assessment of battery condition.
Particular attention must also be paid to transport phases, which are considered critical: lithium batteries are classified as dangerous goods and are subject to strict requirements in terms of packaging, labelling, and shipping conditions. Compliance with technical regulations is essential to reduce risks during handling and ensure a reliable recycling system over time.
FREE4LiB contributes to the development of integrated solutions that combine technological innovation, operational safety, and traceability—key elements for ensuring the sustainable management of batteries throughout their entire lifecycle. More information and updates on project activities are available on the official website.
